History+of+the+Web

 **THE HISTORY OF THE INTERNET**

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 **-"By prevailing over all obstacles and distractions, one may unfailingly arrive at his chosen goal or destination." Christopher Columbus, Adventurer 1451-1506”  ** 

__**How Did the Internet Get Started ?** __

Paula Bisswurm BissP@wawm.k12.wi.us The following are three examples of different websites that give the interested person information about the internet. [|Internet Tutorial] This is a tutorial website from Alverno College giving you information about the history of the Internet. Includes a short quiz. [|Computer History Museum] The mission of the Computer History Museum is to preserve and present for posterity the artifacts and stories of the information age. As such, the Museum plays a unique role in the history of the computing revolution and its worldwide impact on the human experience. The museum is located in California's Silicon Valley. [|Kids Zone History of the Internet] An internet site by the Federal Communications Commission/Consumer & Government Affairs Bureau for kids of different ages. This site provides information on different questions that kids might have about the history of the internet and other interesting facts about communication.  Emily Kreilkamp emilykreilkamp@yahoo.com [|How It All Started?]  [|Leiden University Netherlands]
 * **__History __**
 * **__Key Points __**

 <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">Although most history of the Internet has similar dates, there are a few that do not match up or have different information with different years. When a major part of history is listed on different dates, they will be in parentheses. Overall there is a lot of pieces to the creation and development of the internet; these are just a few key points:

> NSFNET- new network was created > DNS (Domain Name System) created which included .edu, .com, .gov, and .org This made it easier to remember host computers > Merit, IBM, and MCI formed a corporation called ANS (Advanced Network & Services) to create a high speed network > Late in 1990, we began the development for the first web browser (W3C) > NSF established NREN (National Research & Education Network) > Al Gore pushed for High Performing Computing Act to continue and farther infrastructure of the internet > Traditional dial-up systems (AOL, Prodigy, etc) begin to provide Internet access > Pizza Hut begins to offer ordering on the Web [|timeline internet.pdf]
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1958- ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) and the Department of Defense was created to apply state-of-the-art technology to the United States
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1966-67 Leonard Roberts publishes a plan for ARPANET. The goal was to design a protocol to allow computers to send and receive messages and data. This is known as //interface message processor// (IMPs)
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">end of 1968-1969 (W3C) ARPANET was tested at 4 different universities, including UCLA and Stanford. It worked.
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1972 (1974 W3C) Email was created by Ray Tomlinson of BBN.
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">Between 1974-1978 TCP (Transmission control protocol) and IP (Internet protocol) developed a common language for programs to work together
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1984 ARPANET split into two- MILNET (military purpose) and ARPANET (computer research)
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1990 ARPANET was done and others took over networking.
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1991-92 The World Wide Web, designed by Tim Berners-Lee, was released to the public by CERN (W3C says 1990- beginning of 91, while Davesite says 1992)
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1994 Mosaic Communications Corp. forms, later this is called Netscape.
 * [[image:screen1994.gif width="402" height="328"]]A picture of the WWW in early 1994
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">Oct 1994- W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) is created. The mission is to develop technologies to lead the web to its full potential.
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1994- Yahoo was created
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">1996 Page and Brin started BackRub, a search engine, then in 1998 changed the name to Google

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<span style="font-size: 195%; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Laura Erke mrserke@yahoo.com
 * **<span style="font-size: 130%; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Introduction of E-mail__ **

Email in some form has been present since the 1960's. At this time it was simply a single computer sending a message to a file on the same computer. The first known message to be sent from one station to another happened in 1971. An engineer by the name of Ray Tomlinson had been working on the project and successfully submitted a test message from one computer to another computer next to it. He did this not as part of an assignment but because he thought it would be a neat thing to be able to do. Little did he know he had come upon a phenomenon that would change the way the world communicated. [|The First Network Email]

With the new discovery of electronic messaging came some issues that needed to be worked out. Over the course of time email has gone through many changes that make it the convenience tool that it is today. Early mail was not able to be sorted, forwarded, or even saved. If you wanted to delete an email you had to delete all of them because there was not a way to selectively do this. It wasn't until 1993 that large service providers began to offer email services on a network. Some of these early networks were America Online and Delphi. [|Email History]

Of course with this new way of communicating came new sets of legal problems. Spam or junk mail has been an issue that has required governmental action to protect users against email items such as pornography and other unsolicited advertisements. These regulations have also brought to life features of email like opt-out options that give people more control over their email content. [|email legislation] Shanna Naleway snaleway@hotmail.com
 * <span style="font-size: 180%; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__**<span style="font-size: 130%; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Expanding into Education **__

After the Internet started use it was decided by national governments that is should be used in higher education. It was to be used by all students not just those with science backgrounds. In 1984 the British created JANET (Joint Academic Network) and then the following year the US National Science Foundation created NSFNet. In order for schools to get funding all qualified users needed to have access and they had rules to follow: · Federal agencies would share the cost · NSFNet made sure there would be “no-metered-cost” · It was backed by the “Internet Activities Board” – descendent of the group started in 1972 · The NSFNet also agreed to provide the “backbone” for the US internet service · One key limitation was that it was only to be used for educational purposes

The Internet started as a very basic skeleton in education. It was used in universities to aid in research. Today the Internet is a daily ritual for most. May students wake up and are all over their MySpace pages before they are even dressed in the morning. School use of the Internet still includes research just like 25 years ago however; it has grown in leaps and bounds. More and more we are seeing the development of virtual schools. They started off as a lonely experience in front of a computer. They have now grown drastically into virtual learning communities. It is also much more common to have classes online. The benefits of vast resources and flexible hours are appealing to more and more people.

There are projects around the world where distance learning is key. In India and Morocco they have chosen to retrain all of their teachers in technology and new methods of teaching. They are doing this but creating learning centers where all of the teachers meet and in distance learning classes are being retrained in what is important now. They have one base center and through virtual learning they are retraining all of their teachers to change the education system.

The Internet in education is a great tool for both students and teachers to develop their skills. The history is not exactly clear and we do not know what the future holds, but we do know we have come a long way from a one-room schoolhouse!

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